As Jonathan describes in Lizards in an Evolutionary Tree (Chapter 8 ) data on anole food preferences are sparse. However, this is a critical element of anole biology that needs to be more thoroughly explored if we are going to understand the diversity of skull shapes (the topic of a future post), nutrition, or energetics in anoles. The question is simple in principle but difficult in practice: do species preferentially eat certain insects? If so, has head shape adapted for the preferential capture or mastication of insects of a particular size or hardness? Do lizards that eat insects of lower “quality” eat more often or move less often? Perhaps anoles will eat what ever bug it happens to encounter and skull diversity is the result of other selection pressures. At this time we do not yet know. Interestingly, however, preliminary evidence suggests that the primary food source of many anoles are just ants, which while quite abundant are not very nutritious. Ants can account for up to 80% of the stomach contents of A. distichus for example.
The embedded video gave me an idea for a great experiment that can be done in a controlled setting. Simply run various bugs across the screen of an iPad and see if different species preferentially target particular sizes or shapes. If anyone would like to donate an iPad to this cause of utmost importance I would be happy to perform the experiments.





