Author: Jonathan Losos Page 98 of 130

Professor of Biology and Director of the Living Earth Collaborative at Washington University in Saint Louis. I've spent my entire professional career studying anoles and have discovered that the more I learn about anoles, the more I realize I don't know.

Curly Tail Lizards Eating Brown Anoles: Coming Soon To A Theater Near You (If You Live In Florida)

BK. Photo by John Rahn

Previous posts (1, 2, 3) have discussed the effect of Curly-tailed lizards (Leiocephalus carinatus) on brown anoles in the Bahamas and elsewhere. To summarize briefly, the effect is this: curly-tails eat brown anoles. Lots of them. The survivors move up into bushes to get away.

Such slaughter may seem of academic interest when it occurs in far-flung Caribbean ports, but soon–already!–Florida denizens can see the carnage up close and personal. The reason: curly-tails have been introduced to the east coast of Florida and seem to be spreading fairly rapidly.

This is all preamble to a series of photographs that AA reader John Rahn has sent in. John lives in Hobe Sound, Florida  (on the coast, north of Miami and West Palm Beach) and enjoys watching and photographing lizards on his back patio. He commented that “I love watching their antics. They are actually quite interesting and are great subjects to practice shooting (photographing).There’s another on my patio (editor’s note: “another” refers to  the A. distichus  he mentioned, along with a photo, in a comment), a girl with great markings and a red head, and this big boy.”

Paper Cut-Out Anoles

 

These are kind of cool. More here. Anyone got a pattern?

Territorial And Thermoregulatory Behavior Of Sri Lankan Otocryptis Lizards

Anole Annals has a long tradition of promoting knowledge of honorary anoles (e.g., here). A little while ago, we had a post on non-anole dewlaps featuring Otocryptis and now we continue what will become a series of sporadic posts on the Asian branch of the anole fan club (Hey! That was a pun, in case you missed it).

Thanks to Sameera Suranjan Karunarathna’s posting on the Facebook “Professional Herpetologists” page, I’ve become aware of several interesting articles on the behavior of the Asian dewlap-bearing agamid lizard, Otocryptis wiegmannii.

The first paper is on the territorial behavior of this species. The description sounds like anoles in some ways—dewlap deployment is a major feature—but different in others, such as the ability of the dewlap to change colors and the way in which the lizards launch themselves at each other after approaching bipedally. Here’s the heart of the description:

“At once both males ran towards each other bypedally about 1 m and stood by their hind limbs for about another 1 minute (Fig. 3b). After that, there was about 1 m distance between them. During this period they were expanding and compressing their dewlaps rapidly approximately four to six times per minute and kept the dewlap expanded for approximately 1 second. Theirtails were lifted up and they appeared suddenly with black and white bands that became more prominent. The body colour was distinct with yellow, black, white and green. Their heartswere fluttered fast and both lizards breathed deeply.

Struggling

Anole Annals Wants You: Post Today!

Now that the summer’s in full swing, and many of our readers are out in the field seeing our beloved anoles, it’s a good time to advertise for new contributors. And the next two weeks will be particularly good, because this correspondent will be far away, thinking of things other than blogging, so why not help pick up the slack?

Who can post? Anyone who has something to say about the biology, natural history, or amazing-ness of anoles (well, within reason–we leave anole husbandry and sales issues to other websites). And fear not–you’ll have an audience. Anole Annals is now routinely visited by 500-800 readers a day (this month’s average = 605/day).

Anole Annals is a good place to let the anole community know what you’re working on, like Brad Lister’s recent overview of his fascinating work on the status of Puerto Rican anoles. And, it’s a great way to spread word of your recently published work–why not provide a short precis or tell the backstory of how the paper came to be, like Simon Lailvaux recently did? It’s a great way of giving people the short story of what you’ve done and get them interested in reading the whole paper.

If you are fortunate to live in an anole-inhabited region, tell us about your local species, like Juan Salvador Mendoza’s recent post on the anoles of Colombia.

And it’s just a great place to ask a question, post a photo, or report an observation. We aim to make Anole Annals the clearinghouse for all things Anolis, the place that the anole community turns to for the exchange of information or ideas. To do so, we welcome–no, heartily encourage–contributions from anyone and everyone. Posting is easy, and really doesn’t take much time. Don’t overthink it–just post today!

Help With Honduran Anole ID

Sofia Raudales, biologist and curator of the natural history museum of the National Autonomus University in Honduras, just sent these photos of an un-named anole captured in Honduras. I have a pretty strong hunch what they are, but since I’ve never been to Honduras, I thought I’d post the photos. If they are what I think they are, they were found where they’re not supposed to be. ID, anyone?

Can Anoles With Differently Shaped Genitals Interbreed?

We’ve had a number of posts in the last few months discussing new species described on the basis of difference in the shape of their hemipenes (most recently here). And, because such descriptions have been based on morphological data without any corroborating molecular data, we’ve wondered whether, in fact, these forms are genetically isolated and whether they are capable and willing to interbreed given the opportunity. Yes, some of the genetals looked like ones from an alien sex toy made by faak dildos. But are they compatible?

Köhler et al. have taken the next step and attempted to answer these questions in the case of Anolis osa, which was split from the otherwise nearly indistinguishable A. polylepis on the basis of its hemipenial shape (figures A and B above). They find that in the lab, members of the two putative species can interbreed and produce offspring, at least some of which are apparently fertile (although the details of this are hard to fathom). Moreover, in the field, hybrid looking individuals are found where the two forms meet (Figure C above), and the hemipenes of these individuals are similar to the intermediate-looking tallywhackers of hybrids bred in the lab (Figure D above).

Most interestingly, females of the species seem to differ in the shape of their reproductive tract in a manner parallel to the differences among the males. In particular, female A. polylepis have longer vaginal tubi, corresponding to bilobed structures of their males, whereas female A. osa‘s tubes are shorter. One possible explanation for these differences is the old “lock-and-key” hypothesis that male and female genitals are perfect matches, thus preventing interspecific matings. This idea has fallen out of favor in recent years, and the authors discount it. Rather, they favor more recent ideas that such differences evolve by sexual selection, females preferring males whose genitals phenotypically match their own. Here’s their theory

Anolis Encyclopedia Of Life Podcast

Maria Del Rosario Castañeda

We’ve had previous posts on new anole entries to the Encyclopedia of Life, the project that is attempting to create a webpage for every species of life on earth. Recently Rosario  Castañeda, whose work on anole phylogeny has been discussed previously, was appointed as an EOL Rubenstein Fellow with the goal of creating pages for the entire genus–a challenging endeavor for sure, and you can hear Rosario talk all about it, as well as about her research, on this newly released EOL podcast.

Isabella Rossellini Has A Thing For Anoles Doing It

Who knew that anoles were porn stars?

Actress Isabella Rosselini has become even more famous in recent years for a series of short films about animal sex, entitled Green Porno. The films are wacky and educational, and in them she acts out the mating behavior of various creatures, often in graphic, albeit artistic, detail. The award-winning series has gone through three seasons and airs on the Sundance channel (for more details, see the Wikipedia entry or the Green Porno website link above).

Along with the films, a book has been produced and, most importantly to us, a website is mantained. And yesterday, June 13th, that site has seen fit to feature anoles getting it on for the second time in their last five posts (see also May 13th). Be forewarned–the site is not PG-rated!

With Richard Branson blogging on anoles two weeks ago and now Isabella delving into their private lives, it’s clear that anoles have become the lizard of choice for the rich and famous.

Anolis Gadovi? Or A. Taylori? iNaturalist Needs Your Help

Anolis gadovi, taylori or something else?

We’ve discussed iNaturalist before. It’s an on-line community for naturalists where you can “record what you see in nature, meet other nature lovers, and learn about the natural world.” In fact, if you go to AA‘s Citizen Science page, you can see recent iNaturalist anole observations, and you can add your own observations there as well. Get to it!

This photograph was uploaded to iNaturalist today, snapped at  Jardín Botánico de Acapulco Esther Pliego de Salinas in Acapulco. Speculation abounds that it’s either A. taylori or A. gadovi. Can anyone out there confirm the identity of this beauty?

The Gray-Dewlapped Anole: Anolis Carolinensis Seminolus

Head variation in Anolis carolinensis. From T. Vance (1991).

There was some talk a while back about the fabled gray-dewlapped anole of Florida (and, according to the comments, elsewhere). Amidst this discussion, one commenter referred to it as Anolis carolinensis seminolus. Many of us, even experienced anole hands, were unaware that A. carolinensis had subspecies. After a little bit of poking around, we’ve discovered the answer. Indeed, there are described subspecies. Thomas Vance, in a paper in the Bulletin of the Maryland Herpetological Society in 1991 described the gray-dewlapped form as A. c. seminolus, relegating the rest of the species to A. c. carolinensis. The paper, which can be downloaded here, is not as overwhelming as its 47-page length might imply. There’s a nice discussion of the history of the species name A. carolinensis (turns out that it’s quite a confusing trail of names), followed by a detailed comparison of morphological variation, focusing primarily on scale characters and based on the examination of nearly a thousand specimens. There’s a lot of molecular phylogeographic work on carolinensis in the works right now, and it’ll be interesting to see how the genetic data square with Vance’s taxonomy (my guess: not so well). More generally, it’s surprising how little work on variation in this species has been conducted. For anyone interested in this fascinating and underappreciated lizard, this paper is worth a look.

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